The transference refracted through the lens of attachment.

Attachment theory, borne of the mind of an analyst, John Bowlby (1960, 1969, 1973, 1980), has developed a rich and comprehensive intellectual framework about achieving security and coping with separation and loss. Until recently, this theoretical framework has pursued its developmental pathway fairly independently of psychoanalysis and analytic technique. Following Ainsworth and colleagues (1978), who conceptualized the three strategies of coping with separation anxiety (secure, insecure avoidant, and insecure resistant/ambivalent), developmental psychologists have elaborated attachment's stability, its functioning across the life cycle, transmission through generations, and mental representations in adulthood (Bretherton and Waters, 1985; Goldberg et al., 1996; Matas et al., 1978; Vaughn et al., 1979; Ward and Carlson, 1995; E. Waters, June 5, 1995, personal communication).